what is adaptive radiation class 12
(a) What is adaptive radiation? Examples of adaptive radiation are all around us, in every living organism. Description. Adaptive radiation is the evolutionary diversification of many related species from a common ancestral species in a relatively short period. Darwin's finches. They have varied morphological characteristics and play various roles like predators, herbivore, scavengers. Teeth like rodents- Wombats, marsupial rats, There are around 14 distinct species present, each well adapted to a specific niche, Not all the species are found on each island, Size and shape of their beaks differ markedly which correlates to their feeding habits, Some are specialised for crushing seeds (ground finches) whereas others to eat insects (tree finches), Small beaked finch feed on small grass seed, those feeding on hard fruit have large beaks, cactus eating finches have thicker, decurved, flower-probing beaks, Woodpecker finch possesses a stout straight beak, Leaves of the plants in shady and moist areas are large, whereas silverswords in arid areas have small leaves, The leaves of silverswords present on volcanic slopes are covered with dense silvery hairs that may reflect intense UV radiation off the plant. Class 10 Class 12. Required fields are marked *, Request OTP on Adaptive radiation is the evolutionary process by which many species originate from one species in an area and radiate to different species. He stated that each large and isolated region, with sufficiently varied topography, soil, vegetation, climate, will lead to organisms with diverse characteristics. (b) How does convergent evolution occur? Human evolution is a gradual process that took place slowly in time. The diversity of their leaves is a good illustration of adaptive radiation. The initial success of the reptiles is due to the evolutionary shift from aquatic to completely terrestrial development, i.e. Adaptive radiation is the evolutionary diversification of many related species from a common ancestral species in a relatively short period. Candidates who are ambitious to qualify the Class 12 with good score can check this article for Notes. Adaptive radiation in Hawaiian silverswords: There are 28 species of closely related plants found in the Hawaiian Islands. 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